{"id":28803,"date":"2024-01-22T15:48:11","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T13:48:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bolenzdrav.com\/?p=28803"},"modified":"2024-01-22T15:48:13","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T13:48:13","slug":"antivirusni-lekarstva-protiv-grip-kakvo-sa-i-kak-se-priemat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bolenzdrav.com\/pt\/zdrave\/antivirusni-lekarstva-protiv-grip-kakvo-sa-i-kak-se-priemat\/","title":{"rendered":"Medicamentos antivirais contra a gripe \u2013 o que s\u00e3o e como tom\u00e1-los"},"content":{"rendered":"

Os medicamentos antivirais contra a gripe podem ajudar muito a lidar com a infec\u00e7\u00e3o rapidamente e tamb\u00e9m a evitar complica\u00e7\u00f5es. Tom\u00e1-los traz benef\u00edcios principalmente para pessoas com sistema imunol\u00f3gico enfraquecido ou doen\u00e7as cr\u00f4nicas. No entanto, isso n\u00e3o significa que sejam algum tipo de cura milagrosa e que voc\u00ea possa se livrar da gripe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os medicamentos antivirais s\u00e3o tomados de acordo com o esquema descrito nos folhetos. H\u00e1 algumas considera\u00e7\u00f5es importantes a serem observadas se voc\u00ea estiver considerando um tratamento antiviral para a gripe. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na maioria das epidemias de gripe, dominam os v\u00edrus do tipo A. A gripe do tipo B n\u00e3o \u00e9 t\u00e3o f\u00e1cil e amplamente transmitida, \u00e9 mais dif\u00edcil causar uma epidemia. Somente testes precisos em laborat\u00f3rio podem determinar se \u00e9 um tipo ou outro. A maioria dos medicamentos antivirais funciona contra ambos os tipos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duas classes principais de medicamentos antivirais s\u00e3o usadas para a gripe: inibidores da neuraminidase e adamantanos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inibidores da neuraminidase \u2013 eficazes na gripe tipo A e tipo B<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\u0433\u0440\u0438\u043f<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Um dos medicamentos antivirais mais amplamente prescritos para a gripe \u00e9 o oseltamivir. Suprime a enzima neuraminidase, necess\u00e1ria para a libera\u00e7\u00e3o dos v\u00edrus influenza das c\u00e9lulas infectadas. \u00c9 eficaz contra os v\u00edrus influenza tipo A e tipo B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zanamivir \u00e9 outro inibidor da neuraminidase. Funciona como o oseltamivir, impedindo a propaga\u00e7\u00e3o do v\u00edrus ao inibir a neuraminidase. Zanamivir \u00e9 eficaz contra os v\u00edrus influenza A e B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amantadina e rimantadina s\u00e3o medicamentos que j\u00e1 foram usados para tratar o v\u00edrus influenza A. Eles bloqueiam a prote\u00edna do canal i\u00f4nico M2, evitando assim a libera\u00e7\u00e3o de material gen\u00e9tico viral nas c\u00e9lulas infectadas. No entanto, a sua utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o diminuiu devido \u00e0 resist\u00eancia generalizada entre as estirpes de influenza A. Uma vantagem da rimantadina \u00e9 o seu custo relativamente baixo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O tratamento com medicamentos antivirais deve ser iniciado a partir do segundo dia de sintomas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9 importante notar que o tratamento antiviral para a gripe \u00e9 mais eficaz quando administrado no in\u00edcio da doen\u00e7a. Idealmente nas primeiras 48 horas ap\u00f3s o in\u00edcio dos sintomas. O princ\u00edpio \u00e9: quanto mais cedo voc\u00ea come\u00e7ar, mais eficaz ser\u00e1 o tratamento. Esses medicamentos n\u00e3o apenas aliviam os sintomas, mas tamb\u00e9m reduzem a dura\u00e7\u00e3o da doen\u00e7a e o risco de complica\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O fato \u00e9 que a maioria das pessoas prefere nos primeiros dias ser tratada apenas com paracetamol ou ibuprofeno. A maioria das prepara\u00e7\u00f5es combinadas contra a gripe dispon\u00edveis nas farm\u00e1cias cont\u00e9m exatamente esses dois ingredientes ativos. \u00c9 claro que a maioria das pessoas que t\u00eam uma vida saud\u00e1vel e sustent\u00e1vel sistema imunol\u00f3gico<\/a><\/strong>, pode lidar com a gripe sem medicamentos antivirais. Por\u00e9m, outros pacientes t\u00eam mais dificuldade em lidar com a infec\u00e7\u00e3o e vale a pena tomar medidas mais s\u00e9rias desde o in\u00edcio. Este tratamento tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 adequado para pessoas cujos sintomas s\u00e3o muito graves desde o in\u00edcio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Que regras devemos seguir ao tomar um medicamento antiviral?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\u0445\u0430\u043f\u0447\u0435<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ao tomar medicamentos antivirais para a gripe, \u00e9 extremamente importante seguir algumas orienta\u00e7\u00f5es para garantir a sua efic\u00e1cia e minimizar potenciais efeitos secund\u00e1rios. Aqui est\u00e3o algumas regras b\u00e1sicas a serem seguidas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inicie o tratamento antiviral o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel, de prefer\u00eancia nas primeiras 48 horas ap\u00f3s o in\u00edcio dos sintomas. A inicia\u00e7\u00e3o precoce aumenta a efic\u00e1cia do medicamento. Reduz a gravidade e a dura\u00e7\u00e3o da doen\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siga sempre a dosagem prescrita e a dura\u00e7\u00e3o indicada pelo seu profissional de sa\u00fade. N\u00e3o autoprescreva ou ajuste a dosagem sem consultar um m\u00e9dico. A falta de doses ou a interrup\u00e7\u00e3o prematura do medicamento podem comprometer sua efic\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Complete todo o tratamento antiviral, mesmo que os sintomas melhorem antes de ter tomado todos os comprimidos do tratamento. Isso ajuda a garantir que o v\u00edrus esteja totalmente contido. Reduzir\u00e1 o risco de reca\u00edda e o desenvolvimento de cepas resistentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os medicamentos antivirais podem ser tomados com ou sem alimentos. No entanto, manter-se bem hidratado \u00e9 importante durante a doen\u00e7a. Ajuda o corpo a se recuperar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os efeitos colaterais podem incluir n\u00e1usea, v\u00f4mito ou dor de cabe\u00e7a, mas s\u00e3o incomuns. Se voc\u00ea notar alguma coisa, entre em contato com seu m\u00e9dico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9 poss\u00edvel uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o com outras drogas? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A combina\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos antivirais com outros medicamentos deve ser feita com cautela e sob a supervis\u00e3o de um m\u00e9dico. Algumas combina\u00e7\u00f5es podem ser seguras e at\u00e9 recomendadas em determinadas situa\u00e7\u00f5es. No entanto, outros podem levar a efeitos adversos ou intera\u00e7\u00f5es. Aqui est\u00e3o algumas considera\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a combina\u00e7\u00e3o de medicamentos antivirais para a gripe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geralmente n\u00e3o \u00e9 recomendado combinar diferentes medicamentos antivirais para a gripe, a menos que seja especificamente recomendado por um m\u00e9dico. O uso de v\u00e1rios medicamentos antivirais ao mesmo tempo n\u00e3o melhorar\u00e1 necessariamente a efic\u00e1cia. Ao mesmo tempo, pode aumentar o risco de efeitos colaterais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Informe o seu m\u00e9dico ou farmac\u00eautico sobre outros medicamentos que est\u00e1 a tomar. Al\u00e9m disso, n\u00e3o se esque\u00e7a de quaisquer suplementos ou medicamentos fitoter\u00e1picos que esteja tomando. Alguns medicamentos podem interagir com medicamentos antivirais, afetando sua absor\u00e7\u00e3o, metabolismo ou efic\u00e1cia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medicamentos antivirais e suplementos nutricionais antivirais \u2013 como diferenci\u00e1-los<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Existem muitas prepara\u00e7\u00f5es no mercado que afirmam ser medicamentos antivirais. Em alguns casos, isso pode ser uma estrat\u00e9gia de marketing. Distinguir entre medicamentos antivirais e suplementos diet\u00e9ticos antivirais \u00e9 muito importante para que voc\u00ea n\u00e3o seja enganado por alega\u00e7\u00f5es publicit\u00e1rias que n\u00e3o s\u00e3o apoiadas por fatos. Isso n\u00e3o quer dizer que os suplementos n\u00e3o tenham qualquer efeito. Pelo contr\u00e1rio, alguns deles podem ajudar, mas n\u00e3o s\u00e3o medicamentos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os medicamentos antivirais, via de regra, s\u00e3o vendidos apenas mediante receita m\u00e9dica. A exce\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o os preparados homeop\u00e1ticos, que s\u00e3o registrados como medicamentos, mas est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis gratuitamente nas farm\u00e1cias. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aqui est\u00e3o outras diferen\u00e7as. Os medicamentos antivirais s\u00e3o produtos farmac\u00eauticos que passam por testes e controles rigorosos. S\u00e3o registados e monitorizados pela Ag\u00eancia Europeia de Medicamentos e pelas ag\u00eancias nacionais de medicamentos. Assim, sua seguran\u00e7a, efici\u00eancia e qualidade est\u00e3o garantidas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os suplementos nutricionais antivirais n\u00e3o passam nessa verifica\u00e7\u00e3o. O seu registo torna-se mais f\u00e1cil, n\u00e3o sendo necess\u00e1ria qualquer documenta\u00e7\u00e3o que comprove a sua efic\u00e1cia. Por lei, s\u00e3o tratados como alimentos em muitos pa\u00edses. A supervis\u00e3o \u00e9 geralmente menos rigorosa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os medicamentos antivirais cont\u00eam ingredientes ativos espec\u00edficos que foram submetidos a extensas pesquisas e ensaios cl\u00ednicos. O mecanismo de a\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 bem definido, visando fases espec\u00edficas do ciclo de vida do v\u00edrus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os suplementos nutricionais antivirais geralmente cont\u00eam uma mistura de vitaminas, minerais, ervas ou outros compostos naturais. Os mecanismos antivirais espec\u00edficos destes ingredientes podem n\u00e3o estar bem estabelecidos. As evid\u00eancias que apoiam sua efic\u00e1cia s\u00e3o limitadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os medicamentos passaram por testes cl\u00ednicos e por um rigoroso processo de registro<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A efic\u00e1cia e seguran\u00e7a dos medicamentos antivirais s\u00e3o apoiadas por extensos ensaios cl\u00ednicos e pesquisas cient\u00edficas. Esses estudos fornecem uma base s\u00f3lida para seu uso na pr\u00e1tica m\u00e9dica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suplementos nutricionais antivirais: Embora alguns suplementos possam ter evid\u00eancias de apoio limitadas, a pesquisa geral pode ser menos abrangente. As reivindica\u00e7\u00f5es pelas suas propriedades antivirais podem n\u00e3o ter o mesmo n\u00edvel de rigor cient\u00edfico que os medicamentos farmac\u00eauticos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autora Ina Dimitrova<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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