{"id":28035,"date":"2023-06-13T11:12:36","date_gmt":"2023-06-13T08:12:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bolenzdrav.com\/?p=28035"},"modified":"2023-06-13T11:12:37","modified_gmt":"2023-06-13T08:12:37","slug":"kakvo-sa-purini-v-koi-hrani-gi-ima-i-kakva-e-vrazkata-s-podagra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bolenzdrav.com\/es\/zdrave\/kakvo-sa-purini-v-koi-hrani-gi-ima-i-kakva-e-vrazkata-s-podagra\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 son las purinas, en qu\u00e9 alimentos se encuentran y cu\u00e1l es la conexi\u00f3n con la gota?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Las purinas son un tipo de compuesto qu\u00edmico que se encuentra en varios alimentos y que el cuerpo tambi\u00e9n produce de forma natural. Desempe\u00f1an un papel importante en la s\u00edntesis de ADN, ARN y mol\u00e9culas energ\u00e9ticas como el ATP. Las personas cuyo organismo mantiene altos niveles de \u00e1cido \u00farico deben tener cuidado con el consumo de este tipo de productos. La deposici\u00f3n de \u00e1cido \u00farico en forma de cristales alrededor de las peque\u00f1as articulaciones provoca un ataque de gota. Es doloroso y tiene el riesgo de efectos en la salud a largo plazo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las purinas se descomponen en \u00e1cido \u00farico en el cuerpo.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cuando las purinas se descomponen en el cuerpo, producen un producto de desecho llamado \u00e1cido \u00farico. Por lo general, se disuelve en la sangre y se excreta del cuerpo a trav\u00e9s de la orina. Sin embargo, en algunas personas, el cuerpo produce grandes cantidades de \u00e1cido \u00farico. Puede haber dificultad para eliminarlo de manera efectiva a trav\u00e9s de la orina. Cualquiera de las causas conduce a una condici\u00f3n conocida como hiperuricemia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esta condici\u00f3n puede ocurrir con o sin s\u00edntomas. En algunas personas, se detectan valores de laboratorio elevados de \u00e1cido \u00farico, pero no tienen ninguna queja, no sienten nada. Otros tienen s\u00edntomas. Un ataque de gota t\u00edpico se asocia con un dolor repentino en el dedo gordo del pie que a menudo ocurre por la noche. Por la ma\u00f1ana, una persona puede pensar que ha golpeado algo sin recordarlo. El dolor es agudo, punzante. Los s\u00edntomas tambi\u00e9n pueden aparecer en otras articulaciones. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

La gota es una forma de artritis que est\u00e1 directamente relacionada con niveles elevados de \u00e1cido \u00farico en la sangre. Cuando los niveles de \u00e1cido \u00farico se elevan demasiado, se cristaliza y se deposita en las articulaciones, los tendones y los tejidos circundantes. Esto lleva a la inflamaci\u00f3n y al dolor severo. El dedo gordo del pie suele verse afectado, pero la gota tambi\u00e9n puede afectar otras articulaciones como los tobillos, las rodillas, las mu\u00f1ecas y los dedos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La gota a menudo se desarrolla en el contexto de s\u00edndrome metab\u00f3lico<\/a><\/strong>. El engorde abdominal, el az\u00facar en la sangre y la presi\u00f3n arterial est\u00e1n elevados. Tambi\u00e9n puede haber dislipidemia: altos niveles de grasa en la sangre (triglic\u00e9ridos<\/a><\/strong>, colesterol).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alimentos ricos en purinas: por qu\u00e9 la dieta es importante<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La ingesta diet\u00e9tica de alimentos ricos en purinas puede contribuir a aumentar los niveles de \u00e1cido \u00farico en el cuerpo. Los alimentos ricos en purinas incluyen las v\u00edsceras (como el h\u00edgado y los ri\u00f1ones), los mariscos (como las anchoas, las sardinas y las vieiras), la carne roja, algunas verduras (como las espinacas, los champi\u00f1ones y la coliflor) y ciertas bebidas (como la cerveza y bebidas azucaradas). Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que las purinas diet\u00e9ticas contribuyen solo con una peque\u00f1a porci\u00f3n de los niveles totales de \u00e1cido \u00farico, ya que la mayor parte del \u00e1cido \u00farico es producido internamente por el cuerpo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Adem\u00e1s de la dieta, otros factores que pueden contribuir a la gota incluyen la gen\u00e9tica, la obesidad, ciertos medicamentos (como los diur\u00e9ticos), afecciones m\u00e9dicas subyacentes (como la enfermedad renal) y el consumo excesivo de alcohol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El tratamiento para la gota generalmente involucra una combinaci\u00f3n de cambios en el estilo de vida y medicamentos. Esto puede incluir reducir la ingesta de alimentos ricos en purinas, mantener un peso saludable, beber suficiente agua (para eliminar la mayor cantidad posible de metabolitos a trav\u00e9s de la orina) y limitar el consumo de alcohol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En muchos casos, se deben tomar medicamentos para reducir los niveles de \u00e1cido \u00farico y para el dolor durante los ataques de gota. Existen diferentes tipos de medicamentos que ayudan a eliminar el \u00e1cido \u00farico a trav\u00e9s de los ri\u00f1ones. Esta terapia es importante porque los altos niveles de hiperuricemia representan un riesgo a largo plazo para el coraz\u00f3n y los vasos sangu\u00edneos. Sin tratamiento, la aterosclerosis progresa muy r\u00e1pidamente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si sospecha que tiene gota o tiene s\u00edntomas, es recomendable consultar a un m\u00e9dico para un diagn\u00f3stico preciso y el tratamiento adecuado. Los especialistas que pueden tratar esta enfermedad son los endocrin\u00f3logos, cardi\u00f3logos o reumat\u00f3logos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 productos, alimentos contienen purinas?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\u043c\u0435\u0441\u043e<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Estos son algunos ejemplos de alimentos que contienen diferentes niveles de purinas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alimentos con alto contenido en purinas (m\u00e1s de 200 mg por cada 100 gramos)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Carnes org\u00e1nicas (h\u00edgado, ri\u00f1\u00f3n, mollejas)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Carne de caza (venado, conejo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Anchoas, sardinas y otros pescados azules<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Almejas, almejas y m\u00e1s almejas<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Salsa y caldo de carne<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Alimentos con un contenido moderado de purinas (entre 100-200 mg por cada 100 gramos):<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Carnes rojas (ternera, cerdo, cordero)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Aves (pollo, pavo)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Pescado (excepto el pescado azul mencionado anteriormente)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Legumbres (lentejas, garbanzos, alubias)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Champi\u00f1ones, espinacas, esp\u00e1rragos, coliflor<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Extractos de levadura (Marmite, Vegemite)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Alimentos con bajo contenido en purinas (menos de 100 mg por cada 100 gramos):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Productos l\u00e1cteos (leche, queso, yogur)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Huevos<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Frutas y verduras (excepto las mencionadas anteriormente)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Cereales (arroz, pan, pasta)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Nueces y semillas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Es importante se\u00f1alar que el contenido en purinas de ciertos alimentos puede variar y estos valores son aproximados. Adem\u00e1s, las purinas diet\u00e9ticas contribuyen solo con una peque\u00f1a fracci\u00f3n de los niveles totales de \u00e1cido \u00farico en el cuerpo. La mayor parte del \u00e1cido \u00farico se produce internamente. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Editora Ina Dimitrova<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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